King Charles III Diana massive Silbermünze königliche Münze Sterling Proof Stempel 1981 UK

EUR 111,37 Sofort-Kaufen oder Preisvorschlag, EUR 27,83 Versand, 30-Tag Rücknahmen, eBay-Käuferschutz
Verkäufer: lasvegasormonaco ✉️ (3.187) 99.7%, Artikelstandort: Manchester, Take a look at my other items, GB, Versand nach: WORLDWIDE, Artikelnummer: 266405784924 King Charles III Diana massive Silbermünze königliche Münze Sterling Proof Stempel 1981 UK. Category: 2023. List of people involved in coronations of the British monarch. Life events. Accession and. Removal of the Stone of Scone. External links. Prince of Wales. Public opinion. Royal Wedding Memrobilia Set Solid Silver 1981 Crown Boxed with COA, Stamps, Ticket, Brochure, Programme This is Solid Silver 1981 Crown complete with the Original Case and COA It has never been removed from its original air tight case There is also two Royal Wedding stamps one has the word "Specimen" across it Also included is a London Transport Ticket issued on the day Wednesday 29th August 1981 to allow travel across the capital to see the wedding There is also the Official Programme with the full wedding service and details Also included is The Office Royal Wedding Souvenir Brochure with lots of photos and information on the Royal Couple Manufacturer: Royal Mint Issuing Country: United Kingdom Year: 1981 Monarch: Elizabeth II (1952 - Present) Collections: Elizabeth II Series / Ranges: Royal Wedding Denomination: 25p Crown Metal: Silver Purity: .925 Metal Content: 0.841 Troy Ounce Weight: 28.28 Grams Diameter: 38.61mm Quality: Silver Proof Presentation: Boxed with Info Card The wedding of Lady Diana Spencer and His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales took place at St Paul’s Cathedral on 29 July 1981. Attended by foreign royals and heads of state and watched on TV by an estimated 750 million, the ‘fairytale wedding’ was a cause for jubilation in the UK and across the Commonwealth. To celebrate the wedding of the century, The Royal Mint struck a special commemorative Crown coin bearing a double portrait of the bride and groom by Philip Nathan. It’s a contemporary and instantly recognisable depiction of Charles and Diana. This is paired with Arnold Machin’s third definitive portrait of the groom’s mother, Her Majesty the Queen, to the obverse. The face value of a Crown coin in 1981 was Twenty Five Pence, prior to the denomination being re-tariffed in 1990 to Five Pounds. Like later issues, however, this 1981 Crown is struck in 28.28 grams of .925 sterling silver and has a diameter of 38.61 millimetres. It’s offered in its original velvet presentation box from The Royal Mint and comes with a certificate of authenticity. Obverse Arnold Machin's third official coinage portrait of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. Inscription: 'ELIZABETH II D · G · REG · F · D ·'. Reverse Double portrait of Prince Charles and Princess Diana by Philip Nathan. Legend around: 'H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF WALES AND LADY DIANA SPENCER' with date below (1981). Specification 28.28 grams of .925 sterling silver. Struck to flawless proof standard. Diameter: 38.61 millimeters. Face value: 25p / Twenty Five Pence. Presentation One of some 218,000 issued in 1981. Offered in original capsule and presentation box with certificate of authenticity. Product Summary Product Code:UKCDSPStock Remaining:5Metal:SilverPrecious Metal Content:26.16 (g)Material:SilverMonarch:Elizabeth II (1952-2022)Denomination:CrownCountry:United KingdomFinish:ProofCapital Gains Tax Status:ExemptWeight:28.28gNew / Pre-owned:NewCondition:Proof - Boxed with certificate of authenticityDiameter:38.61mm Steeped in more than 1,100 years of history, The Royal Mint supplies all of the United Kingdom's coinage as well as currency for nations around the world. Renown for craftsmanship and thoughtful design, The Royal Mint also produces commemorative coins, favoured by investors and collectors. A Millennia of Minting Founded in the reign of Alfred the Great, around the year 886, The Royal Mint was originally one of several mints which were centralised to London in 1279. For more than 800 years the Mint was based at the Tower of London before moving to Royal Mint Court where it remained until the 1960s. The Royal Mint has always been on the forefront of economic, technical and artistic innovation. Its skilled craftsmen minted coins that would reach the far corners of the British Empire, establishing the image and reputation of Britain for all whose pockets they ended up in. In 2010 The Royal Mint became a limited company owned by Her Majesty’s Treasury. In recent years the Mint has struck medals for the 2012 London Olympic Games and opened a visitor centre, The Royal Mint Experience, in Llantrisant, Wales: the current home of The Royal Mint. Collecting and Investing The Royal Mint's commemorative and bullion coins – often minted to mark important national events and anniversaries – are not intended for circulation. They might look like ordinary coins but they are generally worth much more, thanks to their scarcity, finish and composition. Most commemorative coins produced by The Royal Mint are available in a range of striking standards including Gold Proof, Silver Proof, Brilliant Uncirculated and Bullion. Some are also available in collectors sets. Gold and Silver Proof coins are minted in small numbers, making them rare and desirable. The Royal Mint's commemorative coins are both VAT-free and Capital Gains Tax (CGT) exempt, making them an attractive and valuable investment. Whether you are diversifying your investments or simply appreciate world-class design, commemorative coins from The Royal Mint are a great buy. Would make an Magnificent Gift for any who likes the Royal Family or a Keepsake to remember great woman In Very Good Condition for its age 42 years old A Must-Have Souvenir Like all my Auctions Bidding starts a a penny with no reserve... if your the only bidder you win it for 1p...Grab a Bargain! 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Tianjin, Kuala Lumpur, Toronto, Milan, Shenyang, Dallas, Fort Worth, Boston, Belo Horizonte, Khartoum, Riyadh, Singapore, Washington, Detroit, Barcelona,, Houston, Athens, Berlin, Sydney, Atlanta, Guadalajara, San Francisco, Oakland, Montreal, Monterey, Melbourne, Ankara, Recife, Phoenix/Mesa, Durban, Porto Alegre, Dalian, Jeddah, Seattle, Cape Town, San Diego, Fortaleza, Curitiba, Rome, Naples, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Tel Aviv, Birmingham, Frankfurt, Lisbon, Manchester, San Juan, Katowice, Tashkent, Fukuoka, Baku, Sumqayit, St. Louis, Baltimore, Sapporo, Tampa, St. Petersburg, Taichung, Warsaw, Denver, Cologne, Bonn, Hamburg, Dubai, Pretoria, Vancouver, Beirut, Budapest, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Campinas, Harare, Brasilia, Kuwait, Munich, Portland, Brussels, Vienna, San Jose, Damman , Copenhagen, Brisbane, Riverside, San Bernardino, Cincinnati and Accra Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana SpencerWedding of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Lady Diana Spencer photo.PNG Diana and Charles on their wedding day Date    29 July 1981; 40 years ago[1] Venue    St Paul's Cathedral Location    London, England Participants        Charles, Prince of Wales     Lady Diana Spencer The wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer took place on Wednesday, 29 July 1981,[1] at St Paul's Cathedral in London, United Kingdom. The groom was the heir apparent to the British and Commonwealth thrones, and the bride was a member of the Spencer family. The ceremony was a traditional Church of England wedding service. Alan Webster, Dean of St Paul's, presided at the service, and Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury, conducted the marriage. Notable figures in attendance included many members of other royal families, republican heads of state, and members of the bride's and groom's families. After the ceremony, the couple made the traditional appearance on the balcony of Buckingham Palace. The United Kingdom had a national holiday on that day to mark the wedding.[2] The ceremony featured many ceremonial aspects, including use of the state carriages and roles for the Foot Guards and Household Cavalry. Their marriage was widely billed as a "fairytale wedding" and the "wedding of the century". It was watched by an estimated global television audience of 750 million people.[2][3] Events were held around the Commonwealth to mark the wedding. Many street parties were held throughout the United Kingdom to celebrate the occasion. The couple separated in 1992 and divorced in 1996 after fifteen years of marriage. Engagement Prince Charles had known Lady Diana Spencer for several years. They first met in 1977 while Charles was dating her elder sister Lady Sarah.[4] He took serious interest in her as a potential bride in 1980 when they were guests at a country weekend, where she watched him play polo. He invited her for a sailing weekend to Cowes aboard the royal yacht Britannia as their relationship began to develop. This was followed by an invitation to Balmoral Castle, the Royal family's Scottish home, to meet his family.[5][6] Diana was well received at Balmoral by the Queen, Prince Philip, and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother. The couple then had several dates in London. Diana and Charles had been seeing each other for about six months when he proposed on 3 February 1981 in the nursery at Windsor Castle. Diana had planned a holiday for the next week, and Charles hoped she would use the time to consider her answer.[7] Diana accepted, but their engagement was kept secret for the next few weeks.[8] Diana later claimed that the couple had met only 13 times in total before the announcement of their engagement.[9] The wedding of Charles and Diana commemorated on a 1981 British crown coin Their engagement became official on 24 February 1981,[10] and the couple gave an exclusive interview.[11] During the public announcement of the engagement, Diana wore a "cobalt blue skirt suit" by the British label Cojana.[12][13] Diana selected a large engagement ring that consisted of 14 solitaire diamonds surrounding a 12-carat oval blue Ceylon sapphire set in 18-carat white gold,[3] which was similar to her mother's engagement ring. The ring was made by the Crown jewellers Garrard. In 2010, it became the engagement ring of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge.[14] The Queen Mother gave Diana a sapphire and diamond brooch as an engagement present.[15] A series of photographs taken by the Earl of Snowdon were published in Vogue in February 1981 to mark the engagement.[16][17] Clayton Howard did Diana's make-up and John Frieda did her hair for the official portrait.[18] Two nights before the wedding, a gala ball was held at Buckingham Palace, and the Queen subsequently hosted a dinner for a crowd of 90 individuals.[19] A reception with dancing for 1,500 people was also held. Among the invitees were the royal household's members and staff.[20] The night before the wedding 150 people, including heads of states and governments, were invited for a dinner with the Queen.[20] In a series of tapes recorded for her 1992 biography, Diana said that she recalled discovering a bracelet which Charles had bought for his longtime lover Camilla Parker Bowles shortly before their wedding. Due to her suspicions she wanted to call off the wedding but was put off the idea by her sisters.[21] Wedding Combined coat of arms of Charles and Diana, the Prince and Princess of Wales The wedding took place on 29 July 1981. 3,500 guests made up the congregation at St Paul's Cathedral.[7] Charles and Diana selected St Paul's over Westminster Abbey, the traditional site of royal weddings, because St Paul's offered more seating[9] and permitted a longer procession through London. The ceremony was a traditional Church of England wedding service, presided over by the Most Reverend Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury,[2] and the Very Reverend Alan Webster, Dean of St Paul's Cathedral. Two million spectators lined the route of Diana's procession from Clarence House, with 4,000 police and 2,200 military officers to manage the crowds.[7] The security increased and sharpshooters were stationed due to the potential threat of an attack by the Irish Republican guerrillas.[9][19][22] The security screenings in the airports also increased.[23] The cost of the wedding was later estimated to be $48 million in total (between $70M and $110M when adjusted for inflation), with $600,000 being spent on security.[9][24][25] Regiments from the Commonwealth realms participated in the procession, including the Royal Regiment of Canada.[26] At 10:22 BST the Queen and the royal family were taken to the cathedral in eight carriages, the Prince of Wales in the 1902 State Landau, which was later used following the ceremony to take the couple back to Buckingham Palace.[20] Lady Diana arrived at the cathedral in the Glass Coach with her father, John Spencer; she was escorted by six mounted Metropolitan Police officers.[7] She arrived almost on time for the 11:20 BST ceremony.[2] The carriage was too small to hold the two of them comfortably due to her voluminous dress and train.[9] As the orchestra played Trumpet voluntary, an anthem by Jeremiah Clarke, the bride made the three-and-a-half minute walk up the aisle.[2][27] Diana accidentally changed the order of Charles's names during her vows, saying "Philip Charles Arthur George" instead of the correct "Charles Philip Arthur George".[2] She did not promise to "obey" him as part of the traditional vows. That word was eliminated at the couple's request, which caused a sensation at the time.[28] Charles also made an error. He said he would offer her "thy goods" instead of "my worldly goods".[29] In keeping with tradition, the couple's wedding rings were crafted from Welsh gold from the Clogau St David's mine in Bontddu.[27] The tradition of using Welsh gold within the wedding rings of the Royal Family dates back to 1923.[20] Upon marriage Diana automatically acquired the title of Princess of Wales.[30] Other church representatives present who gave prayers after the service were a former Archbishop of Canterbury, Donald Coggan, Cardinal Basil Hume, the Right Reverend Andrew Doig and the Reverend Harry Williams CR.[31][27] Music Three choirs, three orchestras and a fanfare ensemble played the music for the service. These were the Bach Choir, the Choir of St Paul's Cathedral, the Choir of the Chapel Royal, the Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, the Philharmonia Orchestra and the English Chamber Orchestra and a fanfare ensemble from the Royal Military School.[32] The choirs were conducted by Barry Rose, the choirmaster at St Paul's. The cathedral's organist, Christopher Dearnley; and its sub-organist, John Scott; played the organ. The Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, the Philharmonia Orchestra and the English Chamber Orchestra were conducted by Sir David Willcocks, who was the director of the Royal College of Music and of the Bach Choir;[33] Richard Popplewell, the organist at Chapel Royal; and Sir Colin Davis, who was the musical director of Covent Garden.[32][31] Music and songs used during the wedding included the "Prince of Denmark's March", "I Vow to Thee, My Country", "Pomp and Circumstance No.4" and the British National Anthem ("God Save the Queen").[31] New Zealand soprano, Kiri Te Kanawa sang "Let The Bright Seraphim" from G. F. Handel's Samson.[20] Clothing Diana's wedding dress was valued at £9,000[34] (equivalent to £36,700 in 2021).[35] The dress was made of ivory silk taffeta, decorated with lace, hand embroidery, sequins, and 10,000 pearls. It was designed by Elizabeth and David Emanuel and had a 25-foot (7.6 m) train of ivory taffeta and antique lace.[9] The dress was designed according to Diana's wishes who wanted it to have the longest train in the royal wedding history.[9] The bride wore her family's heirloom tiara over an ivory silk tulle veil, and had her hair styled short crop down by hair dresser Kevin Shanley.[36][37] She wore a pair of low-heeled Clive Shilton shoes "with C and D initials hand-painted on her arches" and decorated with 542 sequins and 132 pearls.[9] For the customary bridal themes of "Something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue", Diana's wedding dress had an antique lace "made with a fabric spun at a British silk farm" (the "old"), the Spencer family tiara and her mother's earrings (the "borrowed"), and a blue bow sewn into the waistband (the "blue").[38] The official parfumeur of the royal wedding was Houbigant Parfum, the oldest French fragrance company. Diana chose the floral scent Quelques Fleurs, which featured "notes of tuberose, jasmine and rose".[39] She was reported to have accidentally spilled perfume over a part of her dress which she later covered with her hand during the ceremony.[9] The bride also had a pair of slippers made out of hand-made ivory silk with pearl and sequin embroidery.[40] Barbara Daly did the bride's make-up for the ceremony.[39] Per the Queen's orders, two similar bouquets were prepared for the bride by David Longman which contained "gardenias, stephanotis, odontolglossum orchid, lily of the valley, Earl Mountbatten roses, freesia, veronica, ivy, myrtle and trasdescantia".[41] Charles wore his full dress naval commander uniform.[42] He also wore stars of the orders of the Garter and the Thistle, the Queen's silver jubilee medal, and "the royal cipher of the Prince of Wales in gold on epaulettes on both shoulders."[20] He carried a "full dress sword tassled in gold."[20] Attendants The royal couple had seven bridal attendants. Eleven-year-old Lord Nicholas Windsor, son of the Duke and Duchess of Kent, and eight-year-old Edward van Cutsem, godsons of the Prince of Wales, were page boys. Diana's bridesmaids were seventeen-year-old Lady Sarah Armstrong-Jones, daughter of the Earl of Snowdon and Princess Margaret;[42] thirteen-year-old India Hicks, daughter of David and Lady Pamela Hicks, and granddaughter of Lord Louis Mountbatten; six-year-old Catherine Cameron, daughter of Donald and Lady Cecil Cameron and granddaughter of the Marquess of Lothian; eleven-year-old Sarah-Jane Gaselee, daughter of Nick Gaselee and his wife; and five-year-old Clementine Hambro, daughter of Rupert Hambro and the Hon Mrs Hambro and granddaughter of Lord and Lady Soames and great-granddaughter of Winston Churchill.[19][43] Princes Andrew and Edward were the Prince of Wales's supporters (the equivalent of "best man" for a royal wedding).[19] Guests Main article: List of wedding guests of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer Prime Minister of New Zealand Robert Muldoon and his wife Thea Muldoon attending the royal wedding All of the governors-general of the Commonwealth realms, as well as the reigning European monarchs, attended, with the exception of King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofía of Spain. (The Spanish king was "advised" not to attend by his government because the newlyweds' honeymoon included a stopover in the disputed territory of Gibraltar).[44] Most of Europe's elected heads of state were among the guests, with the exceptions of the President of Greece, Constantine Karamanlis (who declined because Greece's exiled monarch, Constantine II, a kinsman and friend of the bridegroom, had been invited as "King of the Hellenes"), and the President of Ireland, Patrick Hillery (who was advised by Taoiseach Charles Haughey not to attend because of the dispute over the status of Northern Ireland).[fn 1] First Lady Nancy Reagan represented the United States at the wedding.[45] While Gambian President Dawda Jawara attended the wedding, the Gambia Socialist Revolutionary Party attempted a coup d'état in his home country.[46] Among other invitees were the couple's friends and the bride invited the staff of the nursery school in which she had worked to the wedding.[20] Spike Milligan and Harry Secombe were among the entertainers who were invited to the ceremony by the Prince of Wales.[20] Reception The couple and 120 guests went to Buckingham Palace for a wedding breakfast following the ceremony.[7] Diana and Charles made a traditional appearance on a balcony of Buckingham Palace at 13:10 BST, and delighted the crowd when they kissed,[2][7] initiating the tradition of kissing the bride on the balcony.[45] Over the night, fireworks were displayed above Hyde Park and 100 beacons were lit up across the country to celebrate the royal wedding.[20] The couple had 27 wedding cakes.[9] The Naval Armed Forces supplied the official wedding cake. David Avery, head baker at the Royal Naval cooking school in Chatham Kent, made the cake over 14 weeks. They made two identical cakes in case one was damaged. The Prince of Wales's coat of arms and the Spencer family's crest were used in the decoration of the five-foot-tall layered fruitcake which weighed 225 pounds.[9][47] The couple's other wedding cake was created by Belgian pastry chef SG Sender, who was known as the "cakemaker to the kings".[48] Another wedding cake was created by Chef Nicholas Lodge; Chef Nicholas had previously made the Queen Mother's 80th Birthday Cake and also commissioned to create a Christening Cake for Prince Harry.[49] A slice of the couple's wedding cake was later auctioned off by Julien's Auctions in 2018 and was estimated to sell between $800–$1,200.[50] Another slice sold for £1,850 ($2,565) in a 2021 auction.[51] An estimated 750 million people watched the ceremony worldwide,[2] and this figure allegedly rose to a billion when the radio audience is added in, although there are no means of verifying these figures.[7] The event was broadcast in 50 countries with near 100 television companies covering it.[20] In the UK, the National Grid reported a huge surge in demand for power after the service.[52] The wedding ceremony was positively received by the public,[53] and according to The New York Times symbolised "the continuity of the monarchy" in the UK.[27] A number of ceremonies and parties were held at different places by the public to celebrate the occasion across the United Kingdom.[54][55][56] It was estimated that around 10 million people took part in the street parties.[57] The wedding was widely broadcast on television and radio in many countries, and news channels covered the ceremony in different languages.[58] Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom John Betjeman released a poem in honour of the couple.[54] A group of people left London and travelled to France and Ireland in protest to the wedding. Others released black balloons over London amidst the wedding procession.[27] Gifts The couple received gifts from foreign officials including "an engraved Steuben glass bowl and a handmade porcelain centerpiece by Boehm" from the US, a set of antique furniture and "a watercolor of loons" by Canadian Robert Bateman for Prince Charles, together with "a large brooch of gold, diamonds and platinum" for Diana from Canada, handcrafted silver platters from Australia, an "all-wool broadloom carpet" from New Zealand, "a matching diamond and sapphire watch, bracelet, pendant, ring, and earrings" from the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, and a "small oil painting by the American artist Henry Kohler of Prince Charles playing polo", and a clock in Art Deco style by Cartier's chief designer, Daniel Ciacquinot.[9][59] The Edinburgh District Council was among the organisations that made a charitable donation in honour of the couple's wedding and donated $92,500 to the Thistle Fund, "a charity for the disabled".[59] The Greater Manchester Council offered engineering apprenticeships for a small number of unemployed young people, and Cambridge University sent "a spare copy of The Complete English Traveller" by Robert Sanders.[59] The Worshipful Company of Glovers of London presented the couple with gloves made out of leather, silks and cotton. A number of these gifts were displayed at St James's Palace from 5 August to 4 October 1981.[59] Honeymoon A "just married" sign was attached to the landau by Princes Andrew and Edward.[27] The couple was driven over Westminster Bridge to catch the train from Waterloo station to Romsey in Hampshire to begin their honeymoon.[2] The couple left from Waterloo station in the British Royal Train + 975025 Caroline. They travelled to Broadlands, where Prince Charles's parents had spent their wedding night in 1947.[42] They stayed there for three days,[42] then flew to Gibraltar, where they boarded the Royal Yacht Britannia for an eleven-day cruise of the Mediterranean, visiting Tunisia, Sardinia, Greece and Egypt.[27] Then they flew to Scotland, where the rest of the royal family had gathered at Balmoral Castle, and spent time in a hunting lodge on the estate. During that time, the press was given an arranged opportunity to take pictures.[60] Despite their happy appearance, Diana's suspicion over Charles having an enduring affection for his former lover Camilla grew as Camilla's photographs fell out of his diary and Diana discovered that he was wearing cufflinks that were given to him by Camilla.[21][61] By the time the couple returned from their honeymoon, their wedding gifts were displayed at St James's Palace.[20] See also     Abduction of Vishal Mehrotra, infamous unsolved abduction of a child that occurred in London on the day of the wedding Notes     icon1980s portal iconMonarchy portal     The period when the advice was given coincided with a change of government. Traditionally Irish presidents and British royalty did not meet publicly because of the Northern Ireland issue. References "The Royal Wedding of HRH The Prince of Wales and the Lady Diana Spencer". BBC One. 29 July 1981. Archived from the original on 3 August 2019. Retrieved 25 December 2019. "1981: Charles and Diana marry". On This Day. BBC News. 29 July 1982. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2008. "International Special Report: Princess Diana, 1961–1997". The Washington Post. 30 January 1999. Archived from the original on 19 August 2000. Retrieved 13 October 2008.(registration required) "Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer's wedding". BBC History. Archived from the original on 21 March 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2018. "Royal weekend fuels rumours". The Age. 17 November 1980. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 22 July 2013 – via Google News. Dimbleby 1994, p. 279. Jone Johnson Lewis. "Princess Diana's Wedding". ThoughtCo. DotDash. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2020. Morton 1997, p. 118. Miller, Julie (17 April 2018). "Inside Princess Diana's Royal Wedding Fairy Tale". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 5 June 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018. "Prince Charles' engagement announcements". The Royal Wedding of The Prince of Wales and Lady Diana Spencer. BBC One. 12 January 2011. Archived from the original on 15 October 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018. Alexander, Ella (28 November 2017). "6 crucial differences between Charles & Diana and Harry & Meghan's engagement interviews". Harper's Bazaar. Archived from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018. Holt, Bethan (24 February 2017). "No gloves and high split skirts: How Princess Diana rewrote the rules of royal dressing". The Telegraph. Telegraph media Group. Archived from the original on 4 April 2017. Retrieved 10 October 2018. Bowles, Hamish (25 April 2011). "Photos: History of Royal Weddings". Vogue. Condé Nast. Archived from the original on 11 October 2018. Retrieved 10 October 2018. "Princess Diana's engagement ring". Ringenvy. September 2009. Archived from the original on 4 January 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2010. "Queen Mother on 'abhorrent' Diana, Princess of Wales". The Telegraph. London. 17 September 2009. Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2015. "NPG P218; Diana, Princess of Wales". National Portrait Gallery. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019. Berrington, Katie; Roy, Poppy (11 October 2018). "Royal Portraits In Vogue". British Vogue. Condé Nast. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019. "Clayton Howard". The Times. 29 November 2017. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2017.(registration required) Apple Jr, RW (28 July 1981). "Charles and Lady Diana Rehearse the Wedding". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018. Downie Jr, Leonard (26 July 1981). "The Royal Wedding". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2018. Dockterman, Eliana; Haynes, Suyin (15 November 2020). "The True Story Behind The Crown's Prince Charles, Princess Diana and Camilla Parker Bowles Love Triangle". Time. Retrieved 17 November 2020. "Increased security for Charles and Diana's wedding". BBC Midday News. BBC One. 20 January 2011. Archived from the original on 9 October 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2018. Phillips, Mark (27 July 1981). "Policing the 1981 royal wedding". Digital Archives. CBC. Archived from the original on 7 February 2017. Retrieved 11 May 2018. Lubin, Gus (28 April 2011). "The 12 Most Expensive Weddings In History". Business Insider. Insider. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018. "Most expensive weddings of all time". CBS News. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018. "Command: Regimental Sergeant Major". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 8 April 2011.[dead link] Apple Jr, RW (29 July 1981). "Amid Splendor, Charles Weds Diana". On this Day. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2018. Frum, David (2000). How We Got Here: The '70s. New York City: Basic Books. p. 98. ISBN 0-465-04195-7. Proudfoot, Jenny (26 April 2017). "Here's the big mistake that happened on Princess Diana and Prince Charles' wedding day". Marie Claire. TI Media. Archived from the original on 8 May 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018. Mulligan, Hugh (25 August 2017). "AP Was There: Prince Charles and Princess Diana's wedding". Chicago Tribune. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2018. Royal Wedding[dead link] The Times, 29 July 1981, page 15 Rothstein, Edward (22 July 1981). "Anthem is Composed for Royal Bridal". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2016. "Sir David Willcocks (1919–2015) Musical Director of The Bach Choir for 38 Years". The Bach Choir. Retrieved 29 November 2020. Denney, Colleen (April 2005). Representing Diana, Princess of Wales: cultural memory and fairy tales revisited. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-8386-4023-4. Retrieved 30 April 2011. UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 11 June 2022. Shunatona, Brooke (19 May 2018). "4 Ways Meghan Markle's Wedding Hair and Makeup is Totally Different From Princess Diana and Kate's". Cosmopolitan. Archived from the original on 20 May 2018. Retrieved 19 May 2018. Stolman, Steven (11 June 2018). "Princess Diana's Personal Hairdresser Shares his Memories of the Late Royal". Town & Country. Hearst Digital Media. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019. Vargas, Chanel (7 March 2018). "Every Detail About Princess Diana's Iconic Wedding Dress". Town & Country. Hearst Digital Media. Archived from the original on 24 May 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2018. Hill, Erin (29 July 2018). "All About Princess Diana's Wedding Day Perfume — and How She Accidentally Spilled It on Her Dress!". People. Meredith Corporation. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019. "Royal Wedding Dresses throughout history". UK Royal Family. 11 May 2018. Archived from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018. Proudfoot, Jenny (2 May 2018). "This is why the Queen made Princess Diana have two wedding bouquets". Marie Claire. TI Media. Archived from the original on 2 May 2018. Retrieved 3 May 2018. Downie Jr., Leonard (29 July 1981). "Britain Celebrates, Charles Takes a Bride". Washington Post. p. A01. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2013.(registration required) Perry, Simon (3 May 2018). "The Surprising Link Between Harry and Meghan's Royal Wedding and Charles and Diana's". People. Meredith Corporation. Archived from the original on 8 May 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018. Apple Jr, RW (25 July 1981). "Prince's Guest List embraces Kings and Charwomen". New York Times. Archived from the original on 23 August 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2017. Moss, Hilary (29 April 2011). "A Look Back At Princess Diana & Prince Charles' Wedding". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2018. Kisangani, Emizet F.; Pickering, Jeffrey (30 November 2021). African Interventions: State Militaries, Foreign Powers, and Rebel Forces (1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108550802.002. ISBN 978-1-108-55080-2. S2CID 240255564. Goldman, Leah (29 April 2011). "Flashback: Diana's Wedding Was Four Times As Expensive, And Her Train Was 17-Feet Longer". Business Insider. Insider. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018. "Belgian "cakemaker to the kings" dies". Expatica. 20 July 2009. Archived from the original on 27 July 2009. Retrieved 25 July 2009. "About Nicholas Lodge". International Sugar Art Collection. Nicholas Lodge. Archived from the original on 25 March 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2020. Samuelson, Kate (4 May 2018). "Endlessly Appetizing 37-Year-Old Royal Wedding Cake Up For Auction". Time. Archived from the original on 7 May 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018. Guy, Jack (12 August 2021). "Slice of Charles and Diana's 1981 wedding cake sells for 'unexpected' price". CNN. Retrieved 18 August 2021. Hornby, Win; Gammie, Robert; Wall, Stuart (2001). Business Economics. Financial Times Prentice Hall. ISBN 9780273646037. Archived from the original on 30 September 2021. Retrieved 1 October 2020. Soames, Emma (3 December 2017). "From The Archive: Remembering The Prince Of Wales And Lady Diana Spencer's Wedding". British Vogue. Condé Nast. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2018. Bates, Stephen (24 April 2011). "'The stuff of fairytales': royal wedding celebrations 30 years ago". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 11 May 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018. "Scotland celebrates as Prince Charles marries Diana". BBC Midday News. BBC One. 22 January 2011. Archived from the original on 28 September 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018. "Wales celebrates the marriage of Charles and Diana". BBC Midday news. BBC One. 24 January 2011. Archived from the original on 1 August 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018. Fraser, Katie (6 April 2011). "Royal wedding: Why so few street parties?". BBC. Retrieved 31 May 2022. "Although the figures are hard to come by, the Daily Telegraph recently said there were 10 million street party-goers in 1981 for Charles and Diana's wedding." "Translators prepare for Prince Charles' wedding coverage". BBC News. 10 January 2011. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018. Goodman, Susan (27 July 1981). "Royal Wedding Gifts: Extraordinary and Ordinary Diana". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 21 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019. "Charles and Diana's Short Honeymoon". Los Angeles Times. 1 July 1992. Archived from the original on 12 November 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2018.     Rose, Hilary (9 November 2020). "The Crown: why Charles and Camilla may not be amused". The Times. Retrieved 19 November 2020. Bibliography     Dimbleby, Jonathan (1994). The Prince of Wales: A Biography. New York: William Morrow and Company. ISBN 0-688-12996-X.     Morton, Andrew (1997) [1992]. Diana: Her True Story – In Her Own Words. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-85080-X. External links     Order of Service for the wedding     "Wedding of Charles and Diana". Times Online. Times Newspapers. 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Charles acceded to the throne on 8 September 2022, upon the death of his mother, Elizabeth II. Compared with previous coronations, the ceremony will undergo some alterations to represent multiple faiths, cultures, and communities across the United Kingdom, and will be shorter than his mother's coronation in 1953. The ceremony will begin with the anointing of Charles, symbolising his spiritual entry into kingship, and then his crowning and enthronement, representing his assumption of temporal powers and responsibilities. Camilla will be crowned in a shorter and simpler ceremony. The royal family will travel to Buckingham Palace afterward, in a state procession, and appear on the balcony to celebrate the occasion. In addition to the coronation ceremony, the event will be marked by public ceremonies and celebrations in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the British Crown Dependencies and overseas territories. On 7 May, the Coronation Big Lunch will take place in the United Kingdom, providing the public with the opportunity to mark the occasion with street parties. The Coronation Concert will be held on the same day at Windsor Castle with representatives of the King and Queen's charities as well as members of the general public in attendance. The Big Help Out initiative will take place on 8 May, to encourage community service and volunteering. Both the coronation at Westminster Abbey and the concert at Windsor Castle will be broadcast on television and streamed online. This will be the first coronation of a British monarch in the 21st century and the 40th to be held at Westminster Abbey since 1066.[1][a] Preparation Background Charles III became king immediately upon the death of his mother, Elizabeth II, at 15:10 BST on Thursday 8 September 2022. He was proclaimed king by the Accession Council of the United Kingdom on Saturday 10 September,[3] which was followed by proclamations in other Commonwealth realms.[4] Due to Elizabeth's advanced age, Charles's coronation has been planned for years, under the code name Operation Golden Orb.[5][6][7] During Elizabeth's reign, planning meetings for Operation Golden Orb were held at least once a year, attended by representatives of the government, the Church of England and Clarence House staff.[5] Planning The Duke of Norfolk, Edward Fitzalan-Howard, is in charge of organising the coronation as hereditary Earl Marshal.[8] A committee of privy counsellors will arrange the event.[9][7] In October 2022, the date of Charles and Camilla's coronation was announced: Saturday 6 May 2023 at Westminster Abbey.[10] Buckingham Palace set the date to ensure sufficient time to mourn the death of Queen Elizabeth II before holding a joyous ceremony.[9][7] In November 2022, the government proclaimed that an extra bank holiday would occur on 8 May, two days after the coronation.[11] On 20 January 2023, Buckingham Palace announced plans for the coronation weekend between 6 and 8 May.[12] As a state occasion, the coronation is paid for by the British government. The government thus also decides the guest list,[13] which will include members of the British royal family, the British prime minister, representatives of the houses of Parliament, representatives of the governments of the Commonwealth realms and foreign royalty and heads of state.[14] Safety regulations at Westminster Abbey will restrict the number of guests to around 2,000.[15] After the ceremony, Charles and Camilla are expected to appear on the Buckingham Palace balcony.[7] For the first time, a Coronation Claims Office has been established within the Cabinet Office instead of the traditional Court of Claims to handle claims to perform a historic or ceremonial role at the coronation.[16] The official photographer of the coronation will be Hugo Burnand. He had previously been the official photographer for Charles and Camilla's wedding in 2005.[17] Invitation to the Coronation of King Charles III and Queen Camilla On 5 April 2023, the official invitation from King Charles III and Queen Camilla was unveiled and sent to about 2,000 guests.[18] A new official photo of the royal couple by Hugo Burnand was also released.[18] The invitation for the coronation was designed by Andrew Jamieson, a heraldic artist and manuscript illuminator, and features the couple's coats of arms and a motif of the Green Man against a background of the emblematic flowers of the UK and a British wildflower meadow and wildlife.[18][19] The official commemorative range to mark the coronation was released by Royal Collection Shop on 14 April 2023. The collection is crafted from English bone china and finished in 22 carat gold.[20] On the evening and early morning of 17 and 18 April, initial dress rehearsals began taking place in London for the military processions.[21] The RAF was also seen rehearsing for the flypast on 19 April.[22] In preparation for the coronation, Westminster Abbey was closed to tourists and worshippers from 25 April until 8 May.[23] Emblems Coronation emblem in the United Kingdom Coronation emblem in Canada The Coronation Emblem was designed by Sir Jony Ive with his creative collective LoveFrom and depicts the flora of the four nations of the United Kingdom in the shape of St Edward's Crown.[24] The flora shown in the emblem are the rose for England, the thistle for Scotland, the daffodil for Wales and the shamrock for Northern Ireland.[25] The primary emblem is in blue and red, the colours of the Union Jack. Secondary emblems were also made available in red, blue, black and white.[25] All versions were also made available in Welsh.[26] The Palace also announced that the rules governing the commercial use of Royal Photographs and Official Insignia would be temporarily relaxed with the King and the Queen Consort's approval in this case to allow souvenir manufacturing.[27] A Canadian emblem for the coronation was created by Cathy Bursey-Sabourin, the Fraser Herald of Arms, and registered with the Canadian Heraldic Authority. The emblem includes Charles III's royal cypher inside a ring of 13 triangular shapes, alluding to a string of pennants and Canada's provinces and territories. The circular arrangement symbolises inclusion, as well as the Indigenous Canadian concept of equity and the cycles of the natural world. The colour green is a nod to the King's commitment to the environment, while the white space may be viewed as a sunburst, symbolising innovation and new ideas.[28] Coronation Procession The Gold State Coach of 1762 on display at the Royal Mews. It is expected to be used in the Coronation Procession from Westminster Abbey to Buckingham Palace. On the day of the coronation, the King and the Queen Consort will travel to Westminster Abbey in the Diamond Jubilee Coach drawn by six Windsor Greys as part of a procession known as "The King's Procession".[29][30] The Sovereign's Escort of the Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police will take part in the procession, which will go along The Mall, down Whitehall and along Parliament Street, and around the east and south sides of Parliament Square.[29][31] The King and the Queen Consort, in the Gold State Coach drawn by eight Windsor Greys, and the royal family will take the same route in reverse and return to Buckingham Palace in a larger ceremonial procession, known as "The Coronation Procession".[29] They will be joined by armed forces and police services from across the Commonwealth and the British Overseas Territories, alongside the Sovereign's Bodyguard and Royal Watermen.[29][32] The Princess Royal and the Commander of the Household Cavalry will serve as Gold Stick-in-Waiting and Silver Stick-in-Waiting, respectively.[33] Over 5,000 members of the British Armed Forces and 400 Armed Forces personnel from at least 35 other Commonwealth countries will be part of the two processions, and 1,000 more will be lining the route.[34] The Royal British Legion will form a Guard of Honour of 100 Standard Bearers in Parliament Square.[34] Upon returning to the palace, the King and the Queen Consort will then receive a royal salute from the armed forces and join the other working members of the royal family on the balcony of Buckingham Palace to review a six-minute flypast of more than 60 aircraft.[29][30][34] A grandstand was built in front of Buckingham Palace with 3,800 seats offered to Armed Forces veterans, NHS and social care workers, and representatives of charities with links to the King and the Queen Consort who will be watching the procession and the flypast.[35] 354 uniformed cadet forces have been given the opportunity to watch the procession at Admiralty Arch.[35] Ceremony The leading object for the procession within the abbey will be the newly made Cross of Wales, which includes relics of the True Cross gifted to the King by Pope Francis.[36] Two maces, made between 1660 and 1695, and the Sword of State will be carried into the abbey before the King.[37] Also carried into the abbey will be the Sword of Spiritual Justice, the Sword of Temporal Justice, the blunt Sword of Mercy, and St Edward's Staff.[37] The Coronation Chair will be used by Charles during the ceremony, when it will house the Stone of Scone (not in picture) The service will begin at 11:00 am and will be conducted by the archbishop of Canterbury.[12] Charles will sit in King Edward's Chair, the name of which refers to either Edward the Confessor or Edward I of England, who had it built in 1300 to house the Stone of Scone that the English took from the Scots in 1296.[38][39][40] The 13th-century chair has undergone a programme of restoration and conservation in preparation for the ceremony.[41] Historic Environment Scotland announced in September 2022 that the Stone of Scone would be moved from the Crown Room of Edinburgh Castle to London for Charles's coronation at Westminster Abbey and returned to the Castle after the ceremony.[42] The holy anointing oil was based on the same formula as had been used in the coronation of Elizabeth II and was consecrated by Patriarch Theophilos III of Jerusalem at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre on 6 March 2023 under the supervision of Hosam Naoum, the Anglican Archbishop in Jerusalem.[43][44][45] It will be contained within the Ampulla and the archbishop will use the Spoon to perform the anointing.[37] As per the coronation of Elizabeth II, it has been confirmed by Buckingham Palace that the moment of anointing will not be directly shown on television.[46] St Edward's Crown, the Orb, the Sovereign's Sceptre with Cross, the Sovereign's Sceptre with Dove, and the Sovereign's Ring The King will be presented with the Spurs, invested with the Armills (bracelets), the Sovereign's Orb, the Sovereign's Ring, the Sovereign's Sceptre with Cross and the Sovereign's Sceptre with Dove.[37] St Edward's Crown, which was removed in December 2022 from the Tower of London for resizing,[47] is to be used to crown the King.[13][7] A crown referred to as St Edward's Crown (the crown of England) is first recorded as having been used for the coronation of Henry III of England in 1220, and that crown may have been the same crown worn by Saint Edward the Confessor. However, it was destroyed by the Republican Oliver Cromwell, and the current St Edward's Crown was made as a replacement in 1661.[48][49] At the moment of the King's crowning, 21-gun salutes will be fired at 13 locations and on deployed Royal Navy ships along with 62-gun salutes and a six-gun salvo at the Tower of London and Horse Guards Parade.[34] The King will also wear the Imperial State Crown at the end of the ceremony.[50] The Queen Consort will be anointed and then invested with the Queen Consort's Ring, and handed the Queen Consort's Sceptre with Cross, and the Queen Consort's Rod with Dove.[37] Queen Mary's Crown was removed from display at the Tower of London for modification work and will be used to crown Queen Camilla.[51][b] The crown will be reset with the Cullinan III, IV and V diamonds and four of its detachable arches will be removed.[51] It will be the first time a queen is crowned using another consort's crown since 1727, when Caroline of Ansbach used the Crown of Mary of Modena.[51] The decision not to use the Crown of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother avoids a potential diplomatic dispute with Pakistan, Afghanistan and India, which have all made claims of ownership of the Koh-i-Noor diamond in the past.[54] This will be the first coronation of a consort since that of Queen Elizabeth (later known as the Queen Mother) in 1937.[7] The Imperial State Crown will be worn by King Charles III after the service on the procession to Buckingham Palace and at the balcony appearance Queen Mary's Crown (here depicted in its original form) will be used to crown Queen Camilla Charles will be attended by four pages of honour. They are Prince George of Wales, Lord Oliver Cholmondeley (son of the Marquess and Marchioness of Cholmondeley), Nicholas Barclay (grandson of Sarah Troughton), and Ralph Tollemache (son of the Hon. Edward Tollemache). Camilla will also be attended by four pages of honour. They are her grandsons, Gus and Louis Lopes (sons of Laura Lopes) and Frederick Parker Bowles (son of Tom Parker Bowles), and her great-nephew, Arthur Elliot (son of Ben Elliot).[55] Camilla will also be accompanied by two "ladies in attendance": her sister, Annabel Elliot, and the Marchioness of Lansdowne.[56] It has been reported that unlike previous coronations, only King Charles's son and heir apparent, Prince William, will pay his personal homage and allegiance to the monarch, while other royal peers will not be asked to do the same.[57] Music The King personally oversaw the development of the music programme and commissioned twelve new pieces for the service.[58] Andrew Nethsingha, the organist and master of the choristers at the abbey, was appointed as the director of music for the coronation.[59] Six of the new commissions will be performed by the orchestra before the service and include "Brighter Visions Shine Afar" by Judith Weir, "Sacred Fire" by Sarah Class (which will be performed by Pretty Yende), "Be Thou my Vision - Triptych for Orchestra" by Nigel Hess, Roderick Williams, and Shirley J. Thompson, "Voices of the World" by Iain Farrington, and "King Charles III Coronation March" by Patrick Doyle.[60] "Tros y Garreg" by Sir Karl Jenkins will be part of the programme,[60] while tradition requires that the works of William Byrd, George Frideric Handel, Sir Edward Elgar, Sir Henry Walford Davies, Sir William Walton, Sir Hubert Parry, and Ralph Vaughan Williams be included as well.[59] In tribute to the King's 64-year tenure as Prince of Wales, a liturgical section of the ceremony will be performed in Welsh in the form of Paul Mealor's "Coronation Kyrie" which will be sung by Sir Bryn Terfel.[60] Debbie Wiseman created the two-part composition "Alleluia (O Clap your Hands)" and "Alleluia (O Sing Praises)", while Andrew Lloyd Webber composed a new coronation anthem, "Make a Joyful Noise", based on Psalm 98.[60] Other new compositions include "Coronation Sanctus" by Roxanna Panufnik and "Agnus Dei" by Tarik O'Regan.[60] Greek Orthodox music will also be included in the service in tribute to the King's ancestry and his late father, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.[58] The choir for the coronation will be a combination of the choirs of Westminster Abbey, the Chapel Royal, Methodist College Belfast, and Truro Cathedral.[59][60] The Ascension Choir, a gospel choir, will also perform during the service.[59] The orchestra players will be drawn from Charles's patronages, including the Philharmonia Orchestra, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, BBC National Orchestra of Wales, Regina Symphony Orchestra, English Chamber Orchestra, Scottish Chamber Orchestra, Royal Opera House Orchestra, and Welsh National Opera Orchestra.[59][60] The orchestra will be conducted by Sir Antonio Pappano and led by Vasko Vassilev.[60] Sir John Eliot Gardiner will conduct a programme of choral music consisting of the Monteverdi Choir and English Baroque Soloists before the service.[58][59] The State Trumpeters of the Household Cavalry and the Fanfare Trumpeters of the Royal Air Force will play the fanfares.[59] Guests Main article: List of guests at the coronation of Charles III and Camilla There were approximately 2,000 guests invited to the coronation. Invitees include members of the royal family, representatives from the Church of England, prominent politicians from the UK and the Commonwealth, and foreign heads of state and royalty.[61] As with prior coronations, many attendees will be seated in the side chapels of Westminster Abbey, rather than the principal nave.[62] The number of political attendees has been reduced significantly. In 1953, 800 MPs and over 900 peers were invited (virtually the entire Parliament of the United Kingdom), whereas the decision not to build scaffolding has significantly reduced capacity in the Abbey compared with previous ceremonies.[63] Buckingham Palace considered inviting as few as 20 MPs and 20 peers,[64] but an outcry from MPs and peers prompted those numbers to more than double, withe the Cabinet Office making final decisions on who is invited.[65] Cabinet ministers' spouses were not invited, angering some ministers.[66] On the government's advice, the King forbade the wearing of coronets, coronation robes and court uniform by those peers who have been invited (except those performing specific ceremonial roles); they may wear business suits or parliamentary ermine robes (worn for State Openings of Parliament) instead.[67][62] Invitations were extended to 850 community and charity representatives, including 450 British Empire Medal recipients and 400 young people; half of whom were nominated by the British government.[68] Public celebrations In April 2023, Buckingham Palace revealed a new emoji depicting St Edward's Crown for use on social media.[69] United Kingdom A Union Jack defaced with the coronation emblem at High Street at Bexley, London A postbox topper to mark the coronation in Goddington, London On 7 May, the Big Lunch team at the Eden Project is organizing the "Coronation Big Lunch", an event that will encourage people throughout the UK to host Big Lunches and street parties.[12] Coronation quiche was chosen by Charles and Camilla as the official dish of the Coronation Big Lunch.[70] The "Coronation Concert" will be held on the same day at Windsor Castle's East Lawn.[12][30] In addition to performances by singers, musicians, and stage and screen actors, the show will also feature "The Coronation Choir" composed of community choirs and amateur singers such as Refugee choirs, NHS choirs, LGBTQ+ singing groups, and deaf signing choirs.[12][30] The BBC will produce, stage, and broadcast the event. A national ballot was held between 10 and 28 February to distribute 5,000 pairs of free tickets for the public based on the geographical spread of the UK population.[12][71] Volunteers from the King and the Queen Consort's charities will also be among the audience.[12] The Coronation Concert will also feature performances from artists including Lionel Richie, Katy Perry, Andrea Bocelli, Sir Bryn Terfel, Freya Ridings, and Take That.[72] A number of musical performers – including Sir Elton John, Adele, Harry Styles, Robbie Williams, and the Spice Girls – reportedly turned down the palace's invitation to perform, citing scheduling conflicts.[73] A public holiday was declared on 8 May to commemorate the coronation.[74] On the same day, the Together Coalition, in partnership with The Scout Association, the Royal Voluntary Service, and various faith groups, is organising the Big Help Out initiative to encourage volunteering and community service.[12][30] The Royal Voluntary Service, of which Camilla is president, launched the Coronation Champions Awards which will recognise a diverse group of 500 volunteers nominated by members of the public.[75][76] The pubs will also remain open for an extra two hours until 1 am on the coronation weekend.[77] The Royal Mint released a new collection of coins, which includes a 50p and £5 coin and depicts the King wearing the Tudor Crown.[78] The British brewing company Greene King has produced a 2023 Coronation Ale special brew to commemorate the occasion. In addition, in May, the company will auction several unopened crates of a special brew created for the cancelled coronation of Edward VIII in 1937. All proceeds from the auction will be donated to The Prince's Trust.[79] Crown Dependencies A public holiday was declared in all three Crown Dependencies.[80][81][82] As in the UK, Big Help Outs will also be organised in the Crown Dependencies on the day of the holiday.[30][83][84] The states of Guernsey has planned four days of events to celebrate the coronation, from 5 to 8 May. A vigil will be held on 5 May at Forest Methodist Church to reflect on the coronation's spiritual element. On 6 May, bells will ring from Town Church, Vale, Forest, and St Pierre du Bois on Coronation Day, 6 May. A live broadcast of the coronation service will be played on a large screen at the KGV, followed by a military parade from Fort George to the Model Yacht Pond. A 21-gun salute will be fired at noon from Castle Cornet as part of the national salute. A Coronation Big Lunch will be held at Saint Peter Port seafront on 7 May, along with a service of Thanksgiving at the Town Church. On the evening of 7 May, the Coronation Concert will be screened live at the KGV, and several buildings including Castle Cornet and Fort Grey will be illuminated in red, white, and blue in the evening.[85] Jersey has planned several events over three days to celebrate the coronation. On 6 May, Coronation Park will host an event that includes a large-screen broadcast of the coronation, musical entertainment, and activities. Licensed establishments are encouraged to open ahead of the ceremony's broadcast, and seventh category licensed establishments may apply for special extensions to stay open until 3 am on 7 May. On 7 May, the Coronation Big Lunch will take place in Liberation Square, and a public screening of the coronation concert will be held there.[83][86] The Isle of Man government has organised three days of festivities from 6 to 8 May to celebrate the coronation of Charles III, Lord of Mann. A Coronation Event Fund was established to assist local authorities, community groups, and charities help finance celebrations. Commemorative events planned on the Isle of Mann include the Biosphere Bee Community Picnic on 7 May. The Legislative Buildings in Douglas will also be lit up on 7 May, as a part of the British 'Lighting up the Nation' initiative.[84][87] A collection of 12 Isle of Man stamps featuring photos of Charles and Camilla, portraits of the King, and the royal cypher were also released in April 2023.[88] British Overseas Territories A public holiday was declared on 8 May in Bermuda and the Cayman Islands.[74] Several events are planned in Bermuda for the coronation weekend. On 6 May, a commemorative tree planting will take place, and a Coronation Garden will be officially opened at the Botanical Gardens. The garden has been designed to reflect Charles's work in support of the environment and sustainable farming. On 7 May, a service of Thanksgiving will be held at the Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity.[89] On 8 May, the Children's Reading Festival will take place to recognise the Camilla's commitment to literacy, particularly for young people.[90] Canada A national ceremony to mark the coronation and to celebrate Charles III's reign as King of Canada will be televised on 6 May.[91][92] The event will take place at Sir John A. Macdonald Building in Ottawa and will feature speeches by Algonquin spiritual leader Albert Dumont and aerospace engineer Farah Alibay. Performers at the ceremony include Eagle River Singers, Sabrina Benaim, Florence K, Inn Echo, and the Ottawa Regional Youth Choir.[92] During the event, Dominic Laporte will spray-paint piece thematically linked to flowers, as an homage to Charles' support for the environment.[93] There are also plans to unveil several items related to Charles at the event, including the first Canadian stamp with an image of the King by Canada Post, as well as updated emblems created by the Canadian Heraldic Authority to represent the change in reign.[92] On the same day as the national ceremony, a 21-gun salute will be carried, and a performance by the Central Band of the Canadian Armed Forces will take place at Parliament Hill.[92] Several Royal Canadian Legion branches will host a reception to mark the coronation on 6 May.[94][95] A national initiative to illuminate landmarks in emerald green is planned across Canada on 6 and 7 May. Additionally, on these same dates, guided tours will be offered at Rideau Hall, the official residence of the monarch and governor general of Canada.[96] The Central Band of the Canadian Armed Forces will also perform at Rideau Hall during the coronation weekend.[92] The Department of Canadian Heritage has provided C$257,000 to the Royal Canadian Geographical Society to produce educational material on the King's links with Indigenous peoples in Canada and his tours of the country.[92] These materials will be made available for use in Canadian schools. During the coronation weekend, the Society will also distribute a special edition of Canadian Geographic about the King at events in Ottawa.[97] Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada has also approved the use of a special call sign in Canada for amateur radio operators to use from 5 May to 2 June to the mark the occasion.[98] As a part of the coronation celebration, the official Canadian portrait of Charles III will be unveiled on 31 May.[96][99] Provincial celebrations Provincial lieutenant governors and territorial commissioners have also organised exhibitions, military parades, and tree plantings to commemorate the occasion.[96][92] The lieutenant governors of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia have planned a flag-raising ceremony of the coronation flag and a reception, the former at Government House, New Brunswick, and the latter at Government House, Nova Scotia.[99][100] The latter event will also include the unveiling of an exhibit on Charles III, and a movie event on the coronation. A Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia will also host a coronation garden party on 22 June, and several other private events to mark the occassion.[99] The Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario has initiated a six-part coronation concert series for long-term care homes from April to May. The Lieutenant Governor together with the Empire Club of Canada, will host a virtual coronation panel on 5 May. Toronto will also host several events on 6 May, such as a flag-raising ceremony at Queen's Park and a coronation concert at the Cathedral Church of St. James Church. To mark the occasion, the Lieutenant Governor's Suite at the Ontario Legislative Building will be open to the public as part of Doors Open Toronto on 27 and 28 May.[101] On 13 May, the lieutenant governors of Alberta and Saskatchewan will host commemorative events, the former at the University of Alberta Botanic Garden, and the latter at Government House, Saskatchewan.[102][103] The event at Government House, Saskatchewan will include presentations on the royal family, new displays related to the coronation, and a debut musical performance by Jeffery Straker, who composed a new song for the coronation.[103] The Government of Saskatchewan will also mark the ocassion at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building on 5 May with the support of the Canadian Armed Forces. Other events planned in Saskatchewan during the coronation weekend include coronation concerts at Knox-Metropolitan United Church and a tea party at Government House, Saskatchewan.[104] Australia To commemorate Charles III's coronation as King of Australia, buildings and monuments across the country will be illuminated in royal purple on both 6 and 7 May. On 7 May, the Australian Defence Force will fire a 21-gun salute from the forecourt of Parliament House, followed by a flypast by the Royal Australian Air Force over Canberra.[105] The Australian Government has also announced its plans to donate to an undisclosed environmental charity based in Australia on the King's behalf, as a "gift" to the monarch during his coronation.[106] Government Houses in Australia will be open for the public to commemorate the event. On 6 May, Government House, Brisbane and Government House, Melbourne will host an open house, while Government House, Darwin will host a performance by the band of the 1st Brigade.[107][108][109] Government House, Sydney will host a garden reception and tree planting on 6 May and an open house on 7 May, while Government House, Adelaide will host an open house on 21 May.[110][111] Government House, Perth, has also announced plans to celebrate the coronation from 2 May to 8 May.[112] In addition to an open house, Government House, Melbourne will also host a coronation reception after the date of the coronation.[108] The Australian Monarchist League (AML) will host several low key events and screenings of the coronation on 5 and 6 May, including in Adelaide, Melbourne, Perth, and Sydney.[113][114] The AML opted to not to organize street parties over concerns that they may be disrupted by republican protesters.[113] New Zealand A national event featuring performances will be held at the Auckland Domain on 7 May to celebrate the coronation of Charles III as King of New Zealand, while the New Zealand Defence Force will perform a gun salute at Devonport and Point Jerningham in Wellington on the same day.[115][116] Several other public services and private groups have also organized commemorative events. The New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts will hold a special exhibition to mark the coronation from 21 April to 21 May. The exhibition will feature works from 68 practising artists and pieces belonging to the Royal New Zealand Navy.[117] Libraries in South Taranaki will host coronation events from 1 to 6 May. The Wellington Cathedral of St Paul will also hold a coronation festival from 5 to 7 May.[116] Trees That Count and the Department of Conservation have planned a tree planting campaign to commemorate the occasion. The New Zealand Government provided NZ$1 million to Trees that Count as a gift to mark the coronation and support the planting of 100,000 trees by local councils during the coronation weekend.[115] The campaign was launched on 26 April by various parliamentarians, such as the Prime Minister Chris Hipkins and opposition leader Christopher Luxon, at a tree planting ceremony held on the grounds of Parliament House, Wellington.[118] The NZ Post will release commemorative coins and stamps on 3 May to mark the occasion.[119] An initiative to illuminate landmarks in purple will also take place in Auckland, Hawera, and Wellington on 6 May.[115][116] Coverage The BBC suspended the television licence fee for the coronation weekend, so venues may screen the coronation on 6 May, and the coronation concert the next day, without needing to buy a TV licence.[120] The Department for Culture, Media and Sport announced that the event will be shown on big screens across 57 locations in the UK, including in Hyde Park, Green Park and St James's Park.[35] In Australia, full coverage of the coronation will be provided by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. In Canada, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's television and radio arms will provide full coverage of the coronation and its own national ceremony.[121] France TV will broadcast the coronation in France on France 2 and TV5Monde.[122] The American Broadcasting Company will provide full coverage of the event in the United States.[121] Reactions Public opinion In April 2023, YouGov conducted multiple surveys in the UK related to the coronation. One survey carried out on 13 April revealed that 46 per cent of British adults were likely to watch the coronation. However, another survey conducted on the same day found that only 33 per cent of the respondents cared about the coronation of King Charles.[123] A subsequent YouGov survey conducted five days later found that 51 per cent of Britons believed that the coronation should not be financed by taxpayers.[124] Protests The British republican advocacy group, Republic, has planned protests during the coronation, with the group's chief executive, Graham Smith calling the coronation an antiquated "celebration of hereditary power and privilege".[125] The organisation anticipates the protest will be "the first time a big royal event has been directly covered by a larger protest", with around 1,200 individuals having pledged to attend their upcoming protest at Trafalgar Square. The protest is planned to occur near the statue of Charles I, with smaller groups of one to three people spread throughout the procession route.[126] Republic has encouraged participants to wear yellow during the protest.[126][127] Pro-Scottish independence and republican marches are scheduled to take place in both Edinburgh and Glasgow on the day of the coronation. Scottish advocacy groups participating in the marches include All Under One Banner in Glasgow, and the Radical Independence Campaign and Our Republic in Edinburgh. The latter group also plans to promote the Declaration of Calton Hill during its march.[128] The Welsh republican advocacy group, Cymru Republic, has also announced plans to stage a protest on 6 May in Cardiff, with a march planned from the statue of Aneurin Bevan to Bute Park.[129] Removal of the Stone of Scone In October 2022, an online petition was signed by hundreds of individuals, calling for the Stone of Scone to remain in Edinburgh Castle for the coronation ceremony.[130] Alex Salmond, the leader of the Alba Party and a former first minister of Scotland, suggested in March 2023 that the Scottish Government ought to prevent the stone from being taken to London, despite Historic Environment Scotland having already announced the move.[131] Notes  King Harold Godwinson was almost certainly crowned at the newly consecrated Westminster Abbey in January 1066; although, this is not specifically confirmed by any contemporary source.[2] If Harold's coronation is included, this will be the 41st at the abbey.  When Charles married her in 2005, it was announced by Clarence House that it was not intended that Camilla would assume the title of queen upon his accession.[52] Charles, however, had long wished for her to be so titled and crowned alongside him and, in February 2022, with Camilla's popularity rising, Elizabeth II declared her "sincere wish" that Camilla be known as queen consort upon Charles's accession.[53] See also Canadian Coronation Contingent Coronation of the British monarch Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom List of British coronations List of people involved in coronations of the British monarch References  "A history of coronations". www.westminster-abbey.org. 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Cable News Network. Retrieved 20 April 2023.  "Coronation of His Majesty King Charles III". The States of Guernsey. 6 April 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2023.  "Draft Public Holidays And Bank Holidays (Amendment Coronation) (Jersey) Act 202" (PDF). Jersey State Assembly. Retrieved 10 April 2023.  "Extra Isle of Man bank holiday for King Charles III coronation". BBC News. 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2023.  Jeune, James (13 March 2023). "Jersey Coronation celebrations announced". Jersey Evening Post. Retrieved 9 April 2023.  "Local initiatives". Isle of Man Government - Coronation. Retrieved 6 April 2023.  "King Charles III coronation: Guernsey announces four-day celebration". ITV. 6 April 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2023.  "Jersey islanders can see King's coronation on big screen". BBC News. 14 March 2023. Retrieved 9 April 2023.  "Island to mark Coronation of The King and The Queen Consort". Isle of Man Government. 4 April 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2023.  "Isle of Man commemorative stamps mark King Charles III's coronation". BBC. 8 April 2023. Retrieved 8 April 2023.  "The Coronation of His Majesty King Charles III & Her Majesty the Queen Consort". Government of Bermuda. 1 March 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2023.  Finighan, Gareth (2 March 2023). "May 8 declared a public holiday for King's coronation". The Royal Gazette. Retrieved 5 April 2023.  "Prime Minister announces Canadian ceremony to mark the Coronation of His Majesty King Charles III". Office of the Prime Minister of Canada. 16 March 2023. Retrieved 16 March 2023.  Ferreira, Jennifer (24 April 2023). "Here's how Canada plans to celebrate King Charles III's coronation". www.ctv.ca. Bell Media. Retrieved 24 April 2023.  Woolf, Marie (24 April 2023). "King Charles's coronation to be marked with 21-gun salute and illumination of Peace Tower in emerald Green". www.theglobeandmail.com. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 27 April 2023.  Weir, Brock (20 April 2023). "Newmarket, Aurora communities invited to MPP's Coronation party for King and Queen". www.pentictonherald.ca. Penticton Herald. Retrieved 20 April 2023.  Edey, Noel (11 April 2023). "Legion holding celebration for King's coronation". cochranenow.com. Golden West Broadcasting. Retrieved 20 April 2023.  "Celebrate His Majesty's Coronation". Government of Canada. 16 March 2023. Retrieved 16 March 2023.  "Ottawa's $250,000 to celebrate King Charles's coronation with stories of his ties to Canada". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 22 April 2022.  "Special Event Call Signs for the Coronation of King Charles III". www.rac.ca. Radio Amateurs of Canada. Retrieved 25 April 2023.  "Nova Scotia Celebrates the Coronation". lt.gov.ns.ca. Province of Nova Scotia. 17 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023.  "Public invited to viewing of coronation and flag-raising". www2.gnb.ca. Government of New Brunswick. 27 April 2023. Retrieved 27 April 2023.  "The Coronation". www.lgontario.ca. King's Printer for Ontario. 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2023.  "King's Coronation Celebration". lieutenantgovernor.ab.ca. Lieutenant Governor of Alberta. 2023. Retrieved 22 April 2023.  "Celebrating the Coronation of His Majesty King Charles III". ltgov.sk.ca. Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan. 17 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023.  "The Coronation of King Charles III". ltgov.sk.ca. Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan. Retrieved 27 April 2023.  "Defence set to honour Coronation of the King and Queen Consort". Defence Ministers. 23 April 2023.  McLeod, Catie (27 April 2023). "Anthony Albanese reveals plans for King Charles III's coronation including a surprise gift". news.com.au. News Corp Australia. Retrieved 27 April 2023.  "Coronation Open Day - Saturday 6 May". The Governor of Queensland. Retrieved 14 April 2023.  "Government House Victoria Coronation Day Open House Event". www.governor.vic.gov.au. State of Victoria, Australia. 24 April 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2023.  "Coronation Celebrations". govhouse.nt.gov.au. Government House. 24 April 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.  "CoronationWeekend@theHouse". www.governor.nsw.gov.au. Governor of New South Wales. 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2023.  "Governor of South Australia". www.facebook.com. Meta. 20 April 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2023.  "The Coronation of The King and Queen Consort". Government House Western Australia. Retrieved 22 April 2022.  Salmon, James (22 April 2023). "What coronation? Australia's republicans squash celebrations down under". www.thetimes.co.uk. Times Media Limited. Retrieved 23 April 2023.  "Events - Australian Monarchist League". Australian Monarchist League. Retrieved 17 April 2023.  Sadler, Rachel (17 April 2023). "Chris Hipkins attending King Charles' coronation, NATO, visiting Australia this weekend". www.newshub.co.nz. Discovery NZ Limited. Retrieved 18 April 2023.  "Coronation events". gg.govt.nz. Government House. 31 March 2023. Retrieved 24 April 2023.  "Coronation Celebration 2023". nzafa.com. New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts. Retrieved 24 April 2023.  Perry, Nick (26 April 2023). "New Zealand plants tree to mark coronation of King Charles". abcnews.go.com. ABC News Internet Ventures. Retrieved 26 April 2023.  Daly, Michael (23 March 2023). "Kiwi coins fit for a king with NZ Post minting collector items for Charles' coronation". Stuff. Retrieved 27 March 2023.  "BBC to suspend licence fee for King Charles coronation ceremony". The Guardian. 28 February 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2023.  Bedigan, Mike (27 April 2023). "Global media outlet plans for coverage of the King's coronation". www.standard.co.uk. Evening Standard. Retrieved 27 April 2023.  "Couronnement de Charles III | FranceTvPro.fr" [Coronation of Charles III]. FranceTvPro.fr (in French). 18 April 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2023.  Parnaby, Laura (14 April 2023). "Most British people are not interested in King's coronation - poll". The Independent.  "More than half of Britons think coronation shouldn't be publicly funded, new poll suggests". Sky News. 18 April 2023. Retrieved 20 April 2023.  Schomberg, William (22 January 2023). "Anti-monarchists plan protests at coronation of Britain's King Charles". Reuters.  Mortimer, Josiah (20 April 2023). "More Than 1,000 Anti-Monarchy Campaigners Set to Disrupt King Charles' Coronation". Byline Times. Retrieved 23 April 2023.  "Coronation Protest". www.republic.org.uk. Retrieved 23 April 2023.  Walker, James (23 March 2023). "Thousands rallying to demand independence on King's coronation". The National. Retrieved 5 April 2023.  "The protest planned in Cardiff for the day of King Charles' coronation". www.walesonline.co.uk. Media Wales. 24 April 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2023.  Williams, Craig (5 October 2022). "Stone of Destiny: hundreds back petition calling for it to stay in Scotland". The Herald. Retrieved 4 March 2023.  Paton, Craig (4 March 2023). "Stone of Destiny should not be sent for coronation, says Salmond". The Independent. Retrieved 4 March 2023. Bibliography Blair, Claude, ed. (1998). The Crown Jewels: The History of the Coronation Regalia …. The Stationery Office. ISBN 978-0-11-701359-9. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coronation of Charles III and Camilla. Official website The Coronation at the Royal Family website Coronation at the website of the Government of the United Kingdom Celebrate His Majesty’s Coronation at the website of the Government of Canada Coronation of King Charles III and the Queen Consort at the website of the Governor-General of New Zealand Coronation at the website of the Isle of Man Government Coronation of His Majesty King Charles III at the website of the States of Guernsey vte Charles III King of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms (2022–present) Realms Antigua and BarbudaAustraliaBahamasBelizeCanadaGrenadaJamaicaNew ZealandPapua New GuineaSaint Kitts and NevisSaint LuciaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesSolomon IslandsTuvaluUnited Kingdom Titles and honours Head of the CommonwealthDefender of the FaithSupreme Governor of the Church of EnglandHead of the British Armed ForcesCommander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed ForcesLord of MannDuke of NormandyKing's Official Birthday Family Camilla Shand (wife)Diana Spencer (former wife)William, Prince of Wales (elder son)Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex (younger son)Elizabeth II (mother)Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (father)Anne, Princess Royal (sister)Prince Andrew, Duke of York (brother)Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh (brother)Mountbatten-Windsor (family) Life as Prince of Wales Investiture of the Prince of WalesFirst wedding guest listSecond wedding2022 State Opening of ParliamentBlack spider memosPrince of Wales v Associated Newspapers Ltd Accession and coronation Proclamation of accessionCoronation guest listCoronation quiche Reign HouseholdPrime ministersOperation Menai BridgeState and official visits Charities and campaigns Mutton Renaissance CampaignThe Prince's Charities British Asian TrustBusiness in the CommunityChildren & the ArtsIn Kind Directiwill CampaignThe Prince's Countryside FundThe Prince's FoundationThe Prince's Foundation for Integrated HealthThe Prince's School of Traditional ArtsThe Prince of Wales's Charitable FundRoyal Drawing SchoolTurquoise Mountain FoundationYouth Business ScotlandThe Prince's May Day NetworkThe Prince's TrustSustainable Markets Initiative Great Reset Residences As King Buckingham Palace (official)Windsor Castle (official)Holyrood Palace (official, Scotland)Hillsborough Castle (official, Northern Ireland)Sandringham House (private)Balmoral Castle (private)Craigowan Lodge (private) As Prince of Wales Clarence House (official)Highgrove House (private)BirkhallLlwynywermod Awards given and created List of awards receivedPrince of Wales's Intelligence Community AwardsPrince of Wales Prize for Municipal Heritage LeadershipThe Sun Military Awards Business ventures Duchy Home FarmDumfries HouseHighgrove House ShopsPoundburyWaitrose Duchy Organic Depictions Televised addresses Royal address to the nationRoyal Christmas Message Documentaries Royal Family (1969)Charles: The Private Man, the Public Role (1994)Monarchy: The Royal Family at Work (2007)Elizabeth at 90: A Family Tribute (2016) Film and television Chorus Girls (1981)Charles & Diana: A Royal Love Story (1982)The Royal Romance of Charles and Diana (1982)Spitting Image (1984–1996, 2020–2021)Charles and Diana: Unhappily Ever After (1992)Willi und die Windzors (1996)Whatever Love Means (2005)The Queen (2006 film)The Queen (2009 TV serial)King Charles III (2017 film)The Windsors (2016–2020 TV series)The Crown (2016–)The Prince (2021) Plays Her Royal Highness..? (1981)King Charles III (2014)Diana (2019/2021)The Windsors: Endgame (2021) Music Buckingham Blues (1983)Prince Charles (1986) Bibliography The Old Man of Lochnagar (1980)A Vision of Britain: A Personal View of Architecture (1989)Harmony: A New Way of Looking at Our World (2010)Climate Change (2023) Eponyms Prince Charles IslandPrince Charles stream tree frog ← Elizabeth II vte Camilla, Queen Consort Queen consort of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms (2022–present) Family Charles III (husband)Andrew Parker Bowles (former husband)Tom Parker Bowles (son)Laura Lopes (daughter)Bruce Shand (father)Rosalind Cubitt (mother)Annabel Elliot (sister)Mark Shand (brother) Life events CamillagateSecond wedding wedding dress2022 royal tour of Canada2022 State Opening of ParliamentCoronation guest listCoronation quiche Charities Royal Osteoporosis SocietyNational Literacy TrustBrooke Hospital for AnimalsEmmaus UKSt Catherine's School, BramleyJDRFRoyal Trinity HospiceWomen of the World Festival (WOW) Residences The Laines (Plumpton, East Sussex)Bolehyde Manor (Allington, Wiltshire)Middlewick House (Corsham, Wiltshire) Awards and recognition List of titles and honoursThe Duchess of Cornwall AwardRosa 'Duchess of Cornwall' Popular culture Whatever Love Means (2005 film)Queen Camilla (2006 novel)"How Do You Solve a Problem Like Camilla?" 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The Russian invasion and occupation of Ukraine that started in 2022 continued into the new year. In February, a series of powerful earthquakes killed at least 57,000 people in Turkey and Syria; this event was the fifth-deadliest earthquake of the 21st century. In April, a conflict in Sudan began. Events January January 1 – Croatia adopts the euro and joins the Schengen Area, becoming the 20th member state of the Eurozone and the 27th member of the Schengen Area. This is the first enlargement of the Eurozone since Lithuania's entry in 2015, and the first enlargement of the Schengen Area since Liechtenstein's entry in 2011.[1][2] January 3 – Starting from this date, many countries impose travel restrictions on travel from China due to the relaxation of the country's zero-COVID policy.[3] January 5 – The funeral of Pope Benedict XVI is held at Saint Peter's Square within the Vatican City.[4] January 8 COVID-19 pandemic: China reopens its borders to international visitors, marking the end of travel restrictions that began in March 2020.[5][6] Supporters of former Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro storm the Brazilian National Congress, the Supreme Federal Court and the Presidential Palace of Planalto.[7][8] January 10–17 – A deadly cold snap in Afghanistan kills 166 people and nearly 80,000 livestock.[9] January 15 – Yeti Airlines Flight 691 crashes during final approach into Pokhara, Nepal, killing all 72 people on board.[10] January 17 – Nguyễn Xuân Phúc resigns as President of Vietnam amid several recent scandals in the government.[11] January 18 – 2023 Antiguan and Barbudan general election: Labour Party receives third victory in a row, winning 9/17 seats in the parliament.[12][13] January 20 – The Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago elects former senate president, minister and lawyer Christine Kangaloo as president of the country in a 48–22 vote.[14] January 25 – Chris Hipkins succeeds Jacinda Ardern as Prime Minister of New Zealand,[15] six days after she announced her resignation.[16] January 27 – Widespread unrest erupts in Israel following an Israeli military raid in Jenin which left nine Palestinians dead. Incendiary air balloons are launched into Israeli-populated areas following it. Israel responds with targeted airstrikes. Later the same day, seven Jewish civilians are murdered in a synagogue in Neve Yaakov in a terrorist attack.[17][18] January 27–28 – The second round of the 2023 Czech presidential election is held, with Petr Pavel declared winner.[19] January 30 – A Jamaat-ul-Ahrar suicide bombing inside a mosque in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, kills 84 people and injures over 220 others.[20][21][22] February February 2 – The European Central Bank and Bank of England each raise their interest rates by 0.5 percentage points to combat inflation, one day after the US Federal Reserve raises its federal funds rate by 0.25 percentage points.[23] February 3 The US announces it is tracking alleged Chinese spy balloons over the Americas, with one drifting from Yukon to South Carolina before being shot down the next day, and a second hovering over Colombia and Brazil. This event is followed by subsequent detections and shootdowns of high-altitude objects elsewhere.[24][25][26] A Norfolk Southern train carrying hazardous materials derails in East Palestine, Ohio. Multiple train cars burned for more than two days, followed by emergency crews conducting a controlled burn of several additional cars, releasing hydrogen chloride and phosgene into the atmosphere.[27][28][29] February 5 – The 2023 Cypriot presidential election is held, with Nikos Christodoulides elected president.[30][31] February 6 – 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake: A 7.8 (Mww) earthquake strikes Gaziantep Province in southeastern Turkey. A 7.5 Mww  aftershock occurs on the same day in nearby Kahramanmaraş Province. Widespread damage and at least 50,000 deaths are caused in Turkey and Syria, with more than 122,000 injured.[32][33] February 13 – The 2023 Bangladeshi presidential election scheduled for 19 February is held, with Shahabuddin Chuppu of the Awami League, the only nominated candidate, elected unopposed.[34][35][36][37][38] February 20 – A magnitude 6.4 earthquake strikes southern Turkey and is also felt in Syria, Lebanon and Egypt.[39] February 21 – Vladimir Putin announces that Russia is suspending its participation in New START, a nuclear arms reduction treaty with the US.[40] February 25 – 2023 Nigerian general election: Bola Tinubu is elected as Nigeria's president, defeating former vice president Atiku Abubakar and Peter Obi.[41][42] February 27 – The United Kingdom and the European Union reach an agreement surrounding modifications to the Northern Ireland Protocol.[43] February 28 – A train crash in Thessaly, Greece, kills 57 people and injures dozens. The crash leads to nationwide protests and strikes against the condition of Greek railways and their mismanagement by the government.[44][45] March March 2 – The National Assembly of Vietnam declares Võ Văn Thưởng as the country's new president after receiving 98.38% votes from the Vietnamese parliament.[46] March 4 – UN member states agree on a legal framework for the High Seas Treaty, which aims to protect 30% of the world's oceans by 2030.[47][48] March 5 – The 2023 Estonian parliamentary election is held, with two centre-right liberal parties gaining an absolute majority for the first time.[49] March 10 2023 People's Republic of China presidential election: The National People's Congress unanimously re-elects Xi Jinping as the President of the People's Republic of China to an unprecedented third term.[50] Iran and Saudi Arabia agree to resume diplomatic relations which were severed in 2016 at talks meditated by China.[51] Silicon Valley Bank, the 16th largest bank in the United States, fails, creating the largest bank failure since the 2008 financial crisis, affecting companies around the world.[52][53] March 14 – A Russian Su-27 fighter jet intercepts and destroys an American MQ-9 Reaper drone causing it to crash into the Black Sea.[citation needed] March 17 – The International Criminal Court issues an arrest warrant for Russian president Vladimir Putin, the first against a leader of a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council.[54][55] March 18 – A 6.8 earthquake strikes southern Ecuador killing 18 people, injuring nearly 500 and causing major damage.[citation needed] March 19 – Swiss investment bank UBS Group AG agrees to buy Credit Suisse for CHF 3 billion (US$3.2 billion) in an all-stock deal brokered by the government of Switzerland and the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority.[56][57][58] March 20 – The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) releases the synthesis report of its Sixth Assessment Report on climate change.[59] March 21 21 people have been killed and more than 400 injured after a powerful earthquake shook large parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan.[citation needed] The Parliament of Uganda approves the Anti-Homosexuality Bill, 2023; pending presidential assent, homosexuality will be punishable by life imprisonment or death.[citation needed] March 26 NATO condemns Russia's rhetoric as "dangerous" and "irresponsible" after Vladimir Putin's decision to station tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus.[60] 2023 Israeli judicial reform protests: Large-scale spontaneous protests erupt across Israel in the wake of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu firing his defence minister who spoke against the government's judicial overhaul plan.[61][62][63] April April 2 The 2023 Bulgarian parliamentary election is held in an attempt to end the political gridlock as a result of the 2021–2023 Bulgarian political crisis.[64] The 2023 Montenegrin presidential election is held, with Jakov Milatović of the Europe Now! movement winning in the second round, becoming the first president not from the DPS party since the introduction of a multi-party system in 1990.[65] The 2023 Finnish parliamentary election is held, with the centre-right National Coalition led by Petteri Orpo receiving the most votes.[66] The 2023 Andorran parliamentary election is held, with the ruling Democrats for Andorra led by Prime Minister Xavier Espot winning the majority of the seats.[67] 2023 Saint Petersburg bombing: Russian pro-government war correspondent Vladlen Tatarsky is killed by a bombing at a café in Saint Petersburg owned by oligarch Yevgeny Prigozhin. Sixteen others are injured.[68] April 4 – Finland becomes the 31st member of NATO, doubling the alliance's border with Russia.[69] April 10 – Two document leaks from the Pentagon detailing foreign military aid relating to the Russian invasion of Ukraine are leaked onto the Internet.[citation needed] April 11 – Myanmar civil war: In the village of Pazigyi, at least 165 people are killed by the Myanmar Air Force during the opening celebrations of a People's Defence Force administration office.[70] April 14 – Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) is launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) to search for life in the Jovian system, with an expected arrival date of 2031.[71] April 15 Nuclear power in Germany ends after the closure of the final power plants and nuclear being a power source for the country for over 50 years.[72][73] Fighting breaks out across Sudan between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces. The RSF captures Khartoum International Airport, and the presidential palace in Khartoum.[74] April 19 – Sanaa stampede: At least 90 people are killed and another 322 injured in a crowd crush during a Ramadan charity event in Sanaa, Yemen.[75][76] April 20 SpaceX's Starship rocket, the largest and most powerful rocket ever built, is launched during a flight test from a base in Boca Chica, Texas, United States. It explodes four minutes after launch.[77] A hybrid solar eclipse is visible from Australia, East Timor, and Indonesia.[78] April 26 – Chinese leader Xi Jinping calls Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy, a month after Xi's summit with Russia's president Vladimir Putin.[79] Predicted and scheduled events April 30 – 2023 Paraguayan general election May 6 – Coronation of Charles III and Camilla as King and Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms in Westminster Abbey, London[80] May 7 – 2023 Thai general election May 9–13 – Eurovision Song Contest 2023 in Liverpool, UK[81] May 14 – 2023 Turkish general election May 21 – 2023 Greek legislative election June 25 – 2023 Guatemalan general election July 20 – August 20 – 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup in Australia and New Zealand July 23 – 2023 Cambodian general election September 8 – October 28 – 2023 Rugby World Cup in France[82] October – November 26 – 2023 Cricket World Cup in India October 8 – 2023 Luxembourg general election October 14 – 2023 New Zealand general election October 22 – 2023 Argentine general election[83] November 11 – 2023 Polish parliamentary election for the Parliament of Poland December 15 – 2023 Spanish general election for the Cortes Generales December 20 – 2023 Democratic Republic of the Congo general election Date unknown 2023 Libyan parliamentary elections[84] 2023 Zimbabwean general election[85] The European Spallation Source is expected to go into operation in Lund, Sweden.[86] Türksat 6A, Turkey's first domestic and national satellite, is planned to be sent to space in cooperation with SpaceX.[87] 2023 Sudanese general election will occur as part of its transition to democracy, with a constitutional convention on the electoral system and form of government also scheduled.[88] Deaths Main article: Deaths in 2023 References  "Croatia set to join the euro area on 1 January 2023: Council adopts final required legal acts". 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